org.carrot2.util

Class PriorityQueue<T>

java.lang.Object

org.carrot2.util.PriorityQueue<T>

public abstract class PriorityQueue<T>
extends Object

A PriorityQueue maintains a partial ordering of its elements such that the least element can always be found in constant time. Put()'s and pop()'s require log(size) time.

NOTE: This class pre-allocates a full array of length maxSize+1, in initialize(int).

Field Summary

Fields

Modifier and Type	Field and Description
protected T[]	heap

Constructor Summary

Constructors

Constructor and Description
PriorityQueue()

Method Summary

Methods

Modifier and Type	Method and Description
T	add(T element) Adds an Object to a PriorityQueue in log(size) time.
void	clear() Removes all entries from the PriorityQueue.
protected T	getSentinelObject() This method can be overridden by extending classes to return a sentinel object which will be used by initialize(int) to fill the queue, so that the code which uses that queue can always assume it's full and only change the top without attempting to insert any new object. Those sentinel values should always compare worse than any non-sentinel value (i.e., lessThan(T, T) should always favor the non-sentinel values). By default, this method returns false, which means the queue will not be filled with sentinel values.
protected void	initialize(int maxSize) Subclass constructors must call this.
T	insertWithOverflow(T element) Adds an Object to a PriorityQueue in log(size) time.
protected abstract boolean	lessThan(T a, T b) Determines the ordering of objects in this priority queue.
T	pop() Removes and returns the least element of the PriorityQueue in log(size) time.
int	size() Returns the number of elements currently stored in the PriorityQueue.
T	top() Returns the least element of the PriorityQueue in constant time.
T	updateTop() Should be called when the Object at top changes values.

Methods inherited from class java.lang.Object

clone, equals, finalize, getClass, hashCode, notify, notifyAll, toString, wait, wait, wait

Field Detail

heap

protected T[] heap

Constructor Detail

PriorityQueue

public PriorityQueue()

Method Detail

lessThan

protected abstract boolean lessThan(T a,
               T b)

Determines the ordering of objects in this priority queue. Subclasses must define this one method.

getSentinelObject

protected T getSentinelObject()

This method can be overridden by extending classes to return a sentinel object which will be used by initialize(int) to fill the queue, so that the code which uses that queue can always assume it's full and only change the top without attempting to insert any new object.
Those sentinel values should always compare worse than any non-sentinel value (i.e., lessThan(T, T) should always favor the non-sentinel values).
By default, this method returns false, which means the queue will not be filled with sentinel values. Otherwise, the value returned will be used to pre-populate the queue. Adds sentinel values to the queue.
If this method is extended to return a non-null value, then the following usage pattern is recommended:

 // extends getSentinelObject() to return a non-null value.
 PriorityQueue<MyObject> pq = new MyQueue<MyObject>(numHits);
 // save the 'top' element, which is guaranteed to not be null.
 MyObject pqTop = pq.top();
 <...>
 // now in order to add a new element, which is 'better' than top (after 
 // you've verified it is better), it is as simple as:
 pqTop.change().
 pqTop = pq.updateTop();
 

NOTE: if this method returns a non-null value, it will be called by initialize(int) size() times, relying on a new object to be returned and will not check if it's null again. Therefore you should ensure any call to this method creates a new instance and behaves consistently, e.g., it cannot return null if it previously returned non-null.

Returns:

the sentinel object to use to pre-populate the queue, or null if sentinel objects are not supported.

initialize

protected final void initialize(int maxSize)

Subclass constructors must call this.

add

public final T add(T element)

Adds an Object to a PriorityQueue in log(size) time. If one tries to add more objects than maxSize from initialize an ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException is thrown.

Returns:

the new 'top' element in the queue.

insertWithOverflow

public T insertWithOverflow(T element)

Adds an Object to a PriorityQueue in log(size) time. It returns the object (if any) that was dropped off the heap because it was full. This can be the given parameter (in case it is smaller than the full heap's minimum, and couldn't be added), or another object that was previously the smallest value in the heap and now has been replaced by a larger one, or null if the queue wasn't yet full with maxSize elements.

top

public final T top()

Returns the least element of the PriorityQueue in constant time.

pop

public final T pop()

Removes and returns the least element of the PriorityQueue in log(size) time.

updateTop

public final T updateTop()

Should be called when the Object at top changes values. Still log(n) worst case, but it's at least twice as fast to

 pq.top().change();
 pq.updateTop();
 

instead of

 o = pq.pop();
 o.change();
 pq.push(o);
 

Returns:

the new 'top' element.

size

public final int size()

Returns the number of elements currently stored in the PriorityQueue.

clear

public final void clear()

Removes all entries from the PriorityQueue.